瀑布图2

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-27

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Waterfalls Plot2 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/waterfalls-plot?lang=zh_cn

用于展示数据的变化情况，区别于1的一点是2可以自定义上升值和下降值颜色。

环境配置

系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)
编程语言: R
依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; waterfalls; ggplot2

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("waterfalls", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("waterfalls")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplot2")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(waterfalls)
library(ggplot2)

sessioninfo::session_info("attached")

─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-28
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version date (UTC) lib source
 data.table * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 ggplot2    * 4.0.1   2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 waterfalls * 1.0.0   2022-11-20 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/waterfalls-plot/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# 整理数据格式
data[["name"]] <- factor(data[["name"]], levels = data[["name"]])
data$fill <- ifelse(data$value > 0, "#B71C1C", "#1B5E20")

# 查看数据
head(data)

  name value    fill
1    A   100 #B71C1C
2    B   -20 #1B5E20
3    C   120 #B71C1C
4    D   -40 #1B5E20
5    E  -100 #1B5E20
6    F    80 #B71C1C

可视化

# 瀑布图2
p <- waterfall(data, calc_total = T, rect_width = 0.7, fill_by_sign = F,
               fill_colours = data$fill, total_rect_color = "#1E065D") +
  theme_bw()

p