百分比堆叠条形图

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-27

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Percentsge Stacked Bar Chart 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/stacked-percentage-bar-chart?lang=zh_cn

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; ggplot2; dplyr; tidyr; scales

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplot2")
}
if (!requireNamespace("dplyr", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("dplyr")
}
if (!requireNamespace("tidyr", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("tidyr")
}
if (!requireNamespace("scales", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("scales")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(scales)
sessioninfo::session_info("attached")
─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-28
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version date (UTC) lib source
 data.table * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 dplyr      * 1.1.4   2023-11-17 [1] RSPM
 ggplot2    * 4.0.1   2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 scales     * 1.4.0   2025-04-24 [1] RSPM
 tidyr      * 1.3.2   2025-12-19 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

案例数据为某商场中三种商品在一星期内的销量，销量数据会被自动计算为百分比的形式进行绘图。

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/stacked-percentage-bar-chart/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# 整理数据格式
data$total <- rowSums(data[, -1])
data_long <- gather(data, kinds, value, -days, -total)
data_long <- data_long %>%
  group_by(days) %>%
  mutate(percent = value / total * 100)
data_long[["days"]] <- factor(data_long[["days"]], levels = data[["days"]])

# 查看数据
head(data)
       days goods1 goods2 goods3 total
1    Monday    150    300      0   450
2   Tuesday    200    250      0   450
3 Wednesday    300    100      0   400
4  Thursday    200    300      0   500
5    Friday    100    300      0   400
6  Saturday     50     50    400   500

可视化

# 百分比堆叠条形图
p <- ggplot(data_long, aes(x = percent, y = days, fill = kinds)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "stack") +
  geom_text(aes(label = ifelse(percent != 0, paste0(round(percent), "%"), "")),
            position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5)) +
  labs(title = "Percentage Stacked Bar Chart", x = "Percentage", y = "Days") +
  scale_x_continuous(labels = percent_format(scale = 1)) +
  theme_bw() +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("#E64B35FF","#4DBBD5FF","#00A087FF"))

p
图 1: 百分比堆叠条形图