金字塔堆叠图2

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-17

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Pyramid Stack2 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/pyramid-stack2?lang=zh_cn

金字塔堆叠图可以用于展示年龄组多变量。

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; plotrix; ggplotify

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("plotrix", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("plotrix")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggplotify", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplotify")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(plotrix)
library(ggplotify)
sessioninfo::session_info("attached")
─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-18
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version date (UTC) lib source
 data.table * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 ggplotify  * 0.1.3   2025-09-20 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 plotrix    * 3.8-13  2025-11-15 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/pyramid-stack2/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# 整理数据格式
agegrps <- unique(data[,1])
split_var <- unique(data[,2])
dat_left <- as.matrix(data[data[,2] == split_var[1],-c(1,2)])
dat_right <- as.matrix(data[data[,2] == split_var[2],-c(1,2)])

# 查看数据
head(data)
  Month Year Class1 Class2 Class3 Class4
1     1 2019      8    6.0      8    6.0
2     2 2019      4    2.0      4    2.0
3     3 2019      4    4.5      1    4.5
4     4 2019      6    8.0      1    9.0
5     5 2019      8    6.0      8    6.0
6     6 2019      4    2.0      4    2.0

可视化

# 金字塔堆叠图2
p <- as.ggplot(function() {
  cols <- c("#E64B35FF","#4DBBD5FF","#00A087FF","#3C5488FF")
  names(cols) <- colnames(dat_left)
  cols <- cols[1:ncol(dat_left)]
  pyramid.plot(dat_left, dat_right, labels = agegrps, unit = "Value",
               lxcol = cols, rxcol = cols,
               laxlab=as.numeric(c(0,10,20,30)), raxlab=as.numeric(c(0,10,20,30)),
               top.labels=c(split_var[1], colnames(data)[1], split_var[2]),
               gap=4, ppmar=c(4,2,4,7), do.first="plot_bg(\"#FFFFFF\")")
  mtext("Porridge temperature by age and sex of bear", 3, 2, cex=1)
  legend("right", inset=c(-0.25,0), legend = colnames(dat_left), fill = cols)
  })
32 32 
p
图 1: 金字塔堆叠图2