双侧标准化图

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-27

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Diverging Scale 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/diverging-scale?lang=zh_cn

双侧标准化图是一种将连续的，定量的输入映射到连续的固定的插值器上的图形。

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; ggcharts

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggcharts", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggcharts")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(ggcharts)
sessioninfo::session_info("attached")
─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-28
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version date (UTC) lib source
 data.table * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 ggcharts   * 0.2.1   2020-05-20 [1] RSPM
 ggplot2    * 4.0.1   2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

导入数据第一列为模型名称列表，其余列输入相关指标及对应数值。

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/diverging-scale/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# 整理数据格式
data <- dplyr::transmute(.data = data, x = model, y = scale(hp))

# 查看数据
head(data)
                  x          y
1         Mazda RX4 -0.6130929
2     Mazda RX4 Wag -0.6130929
3        Datsun 710 -0.9123057
4    Hornet 4 Drive -0.6130929
5 Hornet Sportabout  0.5309561
6           Valiant -0.7010967

可视化

1.条形图

# 双侧条形图
fill_colors <- c("#C20B01", "#196ABD")
fill_colors <- fill_colors[c(any(data[, "y"] > 0), any(data[, "y"] < 0))]
p <- diverging_bar_chart(data = data, x = x, y = y, bar_colors = fill_colors,
                         text_color = '#000000') + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(color = "#000000"),
        axis.title.x = element_text(colour = "#000000"),
        axis.title.y = element_text(colour = "#000000"),
        plot.background = element_blank()) + 
  labs(x = "model", y = "scale(hp)", title = "")

p
图 1: 双侧条形图

图示横轴表示hp数据，纵轴表示模型名称（分类），红色表示超过平均值的模型，蓝色表示低于平均值的模型，数据是按照大小赋值于 2 的比例尺上面。

2.棒棒糖图

# 双侧棒棒糖图
fill_colors <- c("#C20B01", "#196ABD")
fill_colors <- fill_colors[c(any(data[, "y"] > 0), any(data[, "y"] < 0))]
p <- diverging_lollipop_chart(
  data = data, x = x, y = y, lollipop_colors = fill_colors,
  line_size = 0.3, point_size = 1.9, text_color = '#000000') + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(color = "#000000"),
        axis.title.x = element_text(colour = "#000000"),
        axis.title.y = element_text(colour = "#000000"),
        plot.background = element_blank()) + 
  labs(x = "model", y = "scale(hp)", title = "")

p
图 2: 双侧棒棒糖图