ggplot2 词云

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-27

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot ggwordcloud 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/ggwordcloud?lang=zh_cn

词云是通过形成“关键字云层”或“关键字渲染”来可视化Web文本中经常出现的“关键字”。

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; ggwordcloud

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggwordcloud", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggwordcloud")
}
if (!requireNamespace("curl", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("curl")
}
if (!requireNamespace("png", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("png")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(ggwordcloud)
library(curl)
library(png)
sessioninfo::session_info("attached")
─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-28
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package     * version date (UTC) lib source
 curl        * 7.0.0   2025-08-19 [1] RSPM
 data.table  * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 ggplot2     * 4.0.1   2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 ggwordcloud * 0.6.2   2024-05-30 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite    * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 png         * 0.1-8   2022-11-29 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

加载数据名词和名词频率。

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/ggwordcloud/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)
inmask <- "https://download.hiplot.cn/api/file/fetch/?path=public/demo/ggwordcloud/hearth.png"

# 整理数据格式
col <- data[, 2]
data <- cbind(data, col)

# 查看数据
head(data)
    word freq col
1    oil   85  85
2   said   73  73
3 prices   48  48
4   opec   42  42
5    mln   31  31
6    the   26  26

可视化

# ggplot2 词云
p <- ggplot(data, aes(label = word, size = freq, color = col)) +
  scale_size_area(max_size = 40) +
  theme_minimal() + 
  geom_text_wordcloud_area(
    mask = png::readPNG(curl::curl_fetch_memory(inmask)$content), 
    rm_outside = TRUE) +
  scale_color_gradient(low = "#8B0000", high = "#FF0000")

p
图 1: ggplot2 词云

根据名词的频率在词云图中显示名词的比例。