等高线图 (矩阵)

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-27

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Contour (Matrix) 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/contour-matrix?lang=zh_cn

等高图（矩阵）是一种以二维形式展示三维数据的图形。

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; ggplot2; reshape2; ggisoband; cowplot

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplot2")
}
if (!requireNamespace("reshape2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("reshape2")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggisoband", quietly = TRUE)) {
  remotes::install_github("clauswilke/ggisoband")
}
if (!requireNamespace("cowplot", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("cowplot")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(ggplot2)
library(reshape2)
library(ggisoband)
library(cowplot)
sessioninfo::session_info("attached")
─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-28
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version    date (UTC) lib source
 cowplot    * 1.2.0      2025-07-07 [1] RSPM
 data.table * 1.18.0     2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 ggisoband  * 0.0.0.9000 2025-11-02 [1] Github (clauswilke/ggisoband@eef779f)
 ggplot2    * 4.0.1      2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0      2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 reshape2   * 1.4.5      2025-11-12 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

载入数据为一个矩阵。

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/contour-matrix/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# 整理数据格式
data <- as.matrix(data)
colnames(data) <- NULL
data3d <- reshape2::melt(data)
names(data3d) <- c("x", "y", "z")

# 查看数据
head(data3d)
  x y   z
1 1 1 100
2 2 1 101
3 3 1 102
4 4 1 103
5 5 1 104
6 6 1 105

可视化

# 等高线图 (矩阵)
complex_general_theme <- 
  theme(text = element_text(family = "Arial"),
        plot.title = element_text(size = 12,hjust = 0.5),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.text = element_text(size = 10),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5,vjust = 1),
        legend.position = "right",
        legend.direction = "vertical",
        legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 10))

p1 <- ggplot(data3d, aes(x, y, z = z)) +
  geom_isobands(
    alpha = 1,
    aes(color = stat(zmin)), fill = NA
  ) +
  scale_color_viridis_c() +
  coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
  theme_bw() +
  complex_general_theme

p2 <- ggplot(data3d, aes(x, y, z = z)) +
  geom_isobands(
    alpha = 1,
    aes(fill = stat(zmin)), color = NA
  ) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c(guide = "legend") +
  coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
  theme_bw() +
  complex_general_theme

plot_grid(p1, p2, labels = c("A", "B"), label_size = 12)

Contourmatrix

等高线图 (矩阵)

黄色代表最高，深紫色代表最低，高度刻度范围是90-190。