马赛克比例图

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

修改于

2026-01-27

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Mosaic Ratio Plot 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/mosaic?lang=zh_cn

使用马赛克方块展示数据比例。

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: data.table; jsonlite; vcd; DescTools; ggplotify

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("vcd", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("vcd")
}
if (!requireNamespace("DescTools", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("DescTools")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggplotify", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplotify")
}

# 加载包
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(vcd)
library(DescTools)
library(ggplotify)
sessioninfo::session_info("attached")
─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-28
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version date (UTC) lib source
 data.table * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 DescTools  * 0.99.60 2025-03-28 [1] RSPM
 ggplotify  * 0.1.3   2025-09-20 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 vcd        * 1.4-13  2024-09-16 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

数据准备

# 加载数据
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/mosaic/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# 整理数据格式
tbl <- xtabs(~ Survived + PassengerClass + Gender, data)

# 查看数据
head(data)
  PassengerId Survived PassengerClass
1           1        0              3
2           2        1              1
3           3        1              3
4           4        1              1
5           5        0              3
6           6        0              3
                                                 Name Gender Age SibSp Parch
1                             Braund, Mr. Owen Harris   Male  22     1     0
2 Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Thayer) Female  38     1     0
3                              Heikkinen, Miss. Laina Female  26     0     0
4        Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel) Female  35     1     0
5                            Allen, Mr. William Henry   Male  35     0     0
6                                    Moran, Mr. James   Male  NA     0     0
            Ticket    Fare Cabin Embarked
1        A/5 21171  7.2500  <NA>        S
2         PC 17599 71.2833   C85        C
3 STON/O2. 3101282  7.9250  <NA>        S
4           113803 53.1000  C123        S
5           373450  8.0500  <NA>        S
6           330877  8.4583  <NA>        Q

可视化

# 马赛克比例图
p <- as.ggplot(function() {
  mosaic(tbl, shade = TRUE, legend = TRUE, main = "Mosaic Ratio Plot",
         gp = shading_binary(tbl, col = c("#3B4992FF","#EE0000FF")))
})

p
图 1: 马赛克比例图