Gantt

Authors

[Editor] Hu Zheng;

[Contributors]

Modified

2026-01-17

Note

Hiplot website

This page is the tutorial for source code version of the Hiplot Gantt plugin. You can also use the Hiplot website to achieve no code ploting. For more information please see the following link:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/gantt?lang=en

The Gantt chart is a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule.

Setup

System Requirements: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)
Programming language: R
Dependent packages: data.table; jsonlite; tidyverse; ggthemes

# Install packages
if (!requireNamespace("data.table", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("data.table")
}
if (!requireNamespace("jsonlite", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("jsonlite")
}
if (!requireNamespace("tidyverse", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("tidyverse")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggthemes", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggthemes")
}

# Load packages
library(data.table)
library(jsonlite)
library(tidyverse)
library(ggthemes)

sessioninfo::session_info("attached")

─ Session info ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 setting  value
 version  R version 4.5.2 (2025-10-31)
 os       Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS
 system   x86_64, linux-gnu
 ui       X11
 language (EN)
 collate  C.UTF-8
 ctype    C.UTF-8
 tz       UTC
 date     2026-01-17
 pandoc   3.1.3 @ /usr/bin/ (via rmarkdown)
 quarto   1.8.27 @ /usr/local/bin/quarto

─ Packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 package    * version date (UTC) lib source
 data.table * 1.18.0  2025-12-24 [1] RSPM
 dplyr      * 1.1.4   2023-11-17 [1] RSPM
 forcats    * 1.0.1   2025-09-25 [1] RSPM
 ggplot2    * 4.0.1   2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 ggthemes   * 5.2.0   2025-11-30 [1] RSPM
 jsonlite   * 2.0.0   2025-03-27 [1] RSPM
 lubridate  * 1.9.4   2024-12-08 [1] RSPM
 purrr      * 1.2.1   2026-01-09 [1] RSPM
 readr      * 2.1.6   2025-11-14 [1] RSPM
 stringr    * 1.6.0   2025-11-04 [1] RSPM
 tibble     * 3.3.1   2026-01-11 [1] RSPM
 tidyr      * 1.3.2   2025-12-19 [1] RSPM
 tidyverse  * 2.0.0   2023-02-22 [1] RSPM

 [1] /home/runner/work/_temp/Library
 [2] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/site-library
 [3] /opt/R/4.5.2/lib/R/library
 * ── Packages attached to the search path.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

Data Preparation

Data were loaded for 4 samples (4 patients), 3 items (3 treatments), and the start and end times of each treatment.

# Load data
data <- data.table::fread(jsonlite::read_json("https://hiplot.cn/ui/basic/gantt/data.json")$exampleData$textarea[[1]])
data <- as.data.frame(data)

# Convert data structure
usr_ylab <- colnames(data)[1]
if (!is.numeric(data[, 2])) {
  data[, 2] <- factor(data[, 2], levels = unique(data[, 2]))
}
data_gather <- gather(data, "state", "date", 3:4)
sample <- levels(data_gather$sample)
data_gather$sample <- factor(data_gather$sample,
  levels = rev(unique(data_gather$sample))
)

# View data
head(data_gather)

    sample   item state date
1 patient1 treat1 start    1
2 patient2 treat1 start    2
3 patient2 treat2 start    5
4 patient2 treat3 start    7
5 patient3 treat3 start    6
6 patient3 treat1 start    3

Visualization

# Gantt
p <- ggplot(data_gather, aes(date, sample, color = item)) +
  geom_line(size = 10, alpha = 1) +
  labs(x = "Time", y = "sample", title = "Gantt Plot") +
  theme(axis.ticks = element_blank()) +
  scale_color_manual(values = c("#e04d39","#5bbad6","#1e9f86")) +
  theme_stata() +
  theme(text = element_text(family = "Arial"),
        plot.title = element_text(size = 12,hjust = 0.5),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.text = element_text(size = 10),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5, vjust = 1),
        legend.position = "right",
        legend.direction = "vertical",
        legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 10))

p

The horizontal axis represents the time schedule, the vertical axis represents 4 patients, and the 3 colors represent 3 treatments. The figure can observe the time schedule of different treatments for each patient.